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Analýza vegetace plevelů ve vybraných polních plodinách
Hintnausová, Marie
This thesis is focused on the determination of weed communities in selected crops. The data from the monitoring were evaluated using canonical correspondence analysis, where it was found that the most weed species occurred in the spring barley stand with clover underseeding and in the winter barley. Weeds were further divided according to Ellenberg's values. We focused mainly on invasiveness (Index of invasive concern), biological relevance of weeds, nectar production, relationship to nitrogen, relationship to phosphorus, relationship to pH, salinity, ways of spreading seeds of weeds and relationship to soil disturbance. These ecological indicators of weed plants confirmed the claim that weed plants are able to indicate environmental conditions. In particular, this statement is supported by the results of the evaluation of the relation to nitrogen, the relation to phosphorus, the relation to pH and the relation to soil disturbance. The monitoring took place in the Vysočina region, Jihlava district, on the lands of the Zemědělské družstvo Velký Beranov company.
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Meziplodiny a zaplevelení obilnin
Pluschková, Zuzana
The aim of this master’s thesis was to determine the types of weeds in intercrops and subsequent cereals, to evaluate changesin weeding and to estimate the long-term effects of intercrops on cereal weeding. The weeding rate was evaluated using a numerical method. In the company Hoštická a. s., weeding was observed in various mixtures of intercrops and subsequently cultivated spring barley and maize. In a field experiment carried out at the experiment station Ivanovice na Hané weeding was observed in a barley monoculture after a sown intercrop and after skimming. The results were processed using statistical methods. Weed species were also divided according to different criteria (according to biological properties, according to origin, according to invasive status and according to harmfulness). The results show that monoculture of barley can increase the species representation of weeds. In the long term, intercrops can suppress some types of weeds. Intercrops allow the sprouts of the previous crop to emerge and prevent weeding of subsequent crops. As the diversity of intercrops increases, the list of ecosystem services expands.
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Vegetace na zemědělské půdě v blízkosti železničních tratí
Vidrmertová, Ivana
The aim of this study was to monitor the vegetation, species distribution and percent cover of each species in an orchard adjacent to a railway line. Three sites were selected for observation, namely the orchard inter-row, the path in the orchard and the railway embankment. Vegetation was assessed by phytocenological photographs, of which 18 were taken, each covering 10 m2. The observations were carried out in July and September 2022. The data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). At the same time, the data were tabulated according to habitat and date of observation. Thirty-eight plant species were found during the assessment, and individual weed species representation was distributed into five groups according to habitat. Among the species assessed, five invasive species were found - Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Erigeron annuus, Setaria pumila and Solidago canadensis.
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Hodnocení výnosových prvků lineárních a hybridních odrůd pšenice ozimé (Triticum aestivum)
ŠÍR, Josef
This diploma thesis is focused on the subject of winter wheat, specifically on the field of its use, agrotechnical requirements, growth phases, fertilization, weeds in its growth and the creation of economic yield. The aim of the work is to compare the yield elements of selected linear and hybrid varieties of winter wheat. For this purpose, an attempt was set up on the school farm of secondary school of agricul-ture in Tábor with the linear varieties Chiron, Atuan, Ascaban, Pirueta and the hy-brid varieties Hyking, Hybiza, Hyvento, Hydrock, Sofru, when during the vegeta-tion time was determined and evaluated seed density, the number of ears before harvest, the number of grains in an ear and the grain yield achieved.
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Influence of different tillage technology on the occurrence of weed species in cereals
JANUROVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor's thesis deals with the action of herbicides in terms of weed control in winter wheat. This is especially the occurrence of annual dicotyledonous weeds, herbaceous and perennial weed species. Of the selected herbicides, the best efficacy was found for the herbicide Mustang Forte in the conventional farming system and lower efficacy for Biathlon 4D when evaluated in a minimized mode of farming. The greatest herbicidal effect was recorded by Biathlon 4D against chamomile weeds.
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Vyhodnocení intenzity zaplevelení vybraných polních plodin
Daňková, Šárka
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the occurrence of weeds in selected field crops in the agricultural enterprise AGROLA, which manages in the Vyškov district. Monitoring was carried out on winter wheat, barley and maize. Incubation was evaluated by a numerical method. The results showed that wheat is the most threatened species of Galium aparine and Cirsium arvense. A total of 8 species were found in barley, the most numerous of which was Silene noctiflora. Maize is most affected by Elytrigia repens and Convolvulus arvensis.
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Plevele jarního ječmene a technologie zpracování půdy
Šťastný, Jiří
This bachelor thesis is focused on different tillage technologies and their effects on weed infestation of spring barley. The observations were taken place in 2016 on the experimental field station in Žabčice which belongs to the Mendel university in Brno and in Syrovice as well. In Žabčice weed infestation was observed in spring barley green at three variants of tillage and in Syrovice representation weed communities were evaluated until after the harvest. The resulting data were processed by the statistical computer program Canoco 4.0. There was the least weeds infestation during the minimum tillage species like a Veronica persica or Persicaria lapathifolia in Žabčice. Most weeds was observed in conventional tillage, for example species such as Lamium amplexicaule or Fallopia convolvulus. Near the village Syrovice where is located the experimental field was found the smallest number of weed in control variant (with no-tillage after harvest). On the contrary, a lot of weeds, including volunteer spring barley were found in variants of tillage with the help chisel cultivator. The results indicate that tillage has on the weed infestation of considerable importance. If we change the technology of tillage, we will change the spectrum of weeds on the field.
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Vyhodnocení druhového složení vegetace vybraných vinic na Znojemsku
Stehlíková, Jana
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate species composition of vegetation on vineyards Knížecí vrch and Horecký kopec in the village Hnanice (district Znojmo). All types of vascular plants were written in each vineyard. 10 phytosociological plots were recorded in each vineyard. The evaluation took place over the course of one year three times in spring, summer and autumn. Total 80 species of plants were found at both vineyards, at phytosociological plots 75 species were found. The most frequent species were Stellaria media, Achillea millefolium and Medicago lupulina in the vineyard Knížecí vrch. The most represented were Lolium perenne, Digitaria sanguinalis and Stellaria media in the vineyard Horecký kopec. Both vineyards are a significant source of plants and animals, resulting from the analysis of the species composititon of vegetation on vineyards. This biodiverzity is bound to non-forests biotopes in the naturally valuable area of the National park Podyjí and it is necessary to pay close attention to it.
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Škodlivost plevelů polních plodin v provozních podmínkách
Slováková, Veronika
The thesis evaluated occurrence and harmfulness of weeds on the lands grown in organ-ic and conventional farming in 2014 and 2016. Two companies (AGRODELTA, s. r.o. a JASNO, spol. s r.o.) used monitored lands on a daily basis. Following crops were evaluated in organic farming: winter wheat under sowing with vetch, winter wheat and triticale under sowing with vetch, spring oat with field pea and spring oat. In terms of conventional farming, following crops were evaluated: winter rape, winter wheat, spring wheat under sowing with alfalfa, maize around sowing by winter barley, maize and al-falfa. Total number of evaluated weeds in terms of organically managed fields is 34, while in conventionally managed fields the number of evaluated weeds was 24. Follow-ing weed species in organically managed fields were selected as the most dangerous and harmful: Tripleurospermum inodorum, Sinapis arvensis, Cirsium arvense a Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia. In case of conventionally managed fields, most dangerous and harmful weed species were Tripleurospermum inodorum, Cirsium arvense, Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia, Echinochloa crus-galli a Elytrigia repens.
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